Wrinkling enamel and method of making



Patented Mar. 14, 1944 WRINKLING ENAMEL AND METHOD OF MAKING William A.Waldi Dayton, Ohio, assignor to New Wrinkle, Inc., Dayton, Ohio, acorporation of Delaware No Drawing. Application May 3 1939, Serial No.271,591

My invention relates to coating compositions and more particularly tothe method of making wrinkle drying enamels which can be used to producedifferent textural wrinklepatterns. The invention is applicable forproducingwrinkling enamel finishes without employing blown oils as aconstituent, thereby materially reducing the cost and improving theproduct.

Wrinkle finishes as heretofore made in the art have been compounded fromso called wrinkling oils which oils comprise raw Chinawood oil, blowndrying oils, such as China-wood, linseed; Perilla, oiticica, etc. Otherpaint and varnish oils of the so, called non-wrinkling type, such assoya bean, chia, walnut, hempseed, lumbang, poppy seed, sunflower seed,safilower seed, castor, fish, etc., may be utilized. Large amounts ofthe non-wrinkling oils, however, cannot be used in the formulation ofwrinkle finishes; otherwise the wrinkling of the finish on drying ininhibited. Prior to my invention it has been necessary to use blown orpre-oxidized oils in compounding wrinkle finishes in order to obtain themost satisfactory results. This was particularly true where clearwrinkle varnishes of sprayable consistency'were desired.

The disadvantage of using blown oils lies in their instability. Thisinstability results from the pre-oxidation of the oil which oxidationcontinues in a progressive manner after termination of the blowingtreatment. At the beginning of the treatment the oil is soluble in theconventional petroleum or coal tar solvents but as oxidation progressesthe oil becomes increasingly less soluble until finally it precipitatesout in a rubber-like mass. This renders the wrinkle composition unfitfor use. Wrinkle finish coating compositions comprising blown oilconstituents, therefore, cannot be stored for any length of time beforeuse.

It has also been found that in using wrinkle coating compositions madewith blown oils a wrinkle finish having very fine texture cannot beproduced, the tendency being for the finish to form a coarse or heavytextural wrinkle pattern on drying.

It is an object of this invention to make a wrinkle finish enamel whichis stable on storing and can be readily modified so as to producecoarse, medium or fine textural wrinkle pattern.

Another object of this invention is to eliminate the necessity of usingblown oils in making wrinkle finishes.

Another object of this invention is to provide with drying oil fattyacids to produce the desired pattern or texture of wrinkle finish.

Another object is to produce a wrinkle drying enamel of sprayableconsistency without the use of blown oils.

Typical examples of wrinkle finish composi-- tions comprising blowndrying oils are:

Example 1 Resin (Congo, kauri, rosin, "Cumar or Amberol) pounds 100 Leadlinoleate or acetate do 2-3 Cobalt acetate or linoleate do- /2-% Blowntung oil gallons 8-10 Petroleum naphtha; do 9-12 Toluol or xylol do10-14 Example 2 Resin (Congo, kauri, rosin, Cumar or Amberol) pounds 100Litharge .do 3 -5 Manganese linoleate or borate --do 23 Blown linseedoil "gallons" 15-25 Petroleum naphtha do 8-12 Toluol or xylol do 1520 awrinkle enamel composition which is compar-' able to similarcompositions made using blown oils.

Another object is to provide a pigmented wrinkle finish compositionwhich can be blended with a wrinkling varnish so as to produce a lightor heavy textural wrinkle filllSh on drying.

Another object is to compound a wrinkle coating composition comprising araw wrinkling oil which is adapted to be blended with a pigmentedwrinkling varnish to produce a finish having a wrinkle pattern of veryfine texture.

Another object is to compound a pigmented wrinkle finishcomposition'which may be mixed In order to eliminate the use of blownoils as illustrated in the typical examples of wrinkle finishes given,the formula for producing a wrinkling varnish base of my invention is asfollows. Varnish Modified phenol aldehyde resin (Amberol or Beckacite)pounds- Lead acetate or linoleate -do 5-9 Raw Chinawood oil -gallons1535 Bodied linseed oil do. 2-5 Solvent naphtha do 8-10 Toluol do l825In the foregoing varnish formula it will be understood that variousresin may be utilized ir. place of those mentioned. Resins which aresuitable are kauri, dammar, Congo, Cumar, pontianak, Manila, Zanzibar,elemi, mastic, copal, sandarac and the like. Further other phenolformaldehyde resins of the rosin, fossil resin and ester gum modifiedtype which are readily compatible with the oil vehicle may be used. Alsoglycerol phthalic resins of the oil soluble type may be utilized, ormixtures of the above resins.

Similarly other wrinkle oils such as raw oiticica, poyok and equivalentoils may be substituted for raw China-wood oil. The bodied linseed oilemployed is the grade known in the trade as varnish linseed." Thisproduct comprises linseed oil which has been processed by heat treatingthe same between 575 to 600 degrees F. until a desired degree ofviscosity is obtained.

The preferred method of making varnish A is to heat all of theChina-wood oil and approximately /4 to /4 of the resin together in avessel to a temperature around 540 degrees F. Thereafter the metallicdrier, linseed oil and the remainder of the resin are added. When theresin is dissolved the varnish base can be cooled and thinned with thesolvent or it can be heated longer to obtain a higher viscosity beforethinning.

I have discovered, however, that if the varnish base is cooled quicklyafter the second portion of resin is dissolved a clear wrinkle varnishcan be made having improved spraying and wrinkling properties. Theessential step in making varnish A is the sudden chilling or cooling ofthe heat treated homogeneous mass at the end of the heat treatment. Thimay be done in any suitable manner such as by the application of coldwater or by refrigeration. By this method of making the wrinkle finishcomposition a sprayable wrinkle finish product is obtained comparablewith that made with blown oils. The wrinkle finish product is alsostable and can be stored. The heat treatment of the varnish may bevaried between a temperature range of 450 to 550 degrees F. butpreferably the heating is conducted above 500 degrees F.

By maintaining the percentage amount of the total solids in thecomposition the same and heating the product for different lengths oftime, I can regulate the viscosity of the varnish. The longer thevarnish is heated the higher becomes its viscosity and correspondinglythe shorter the period the lower the viscosity. This is true even thoughthe amount of solvent or thinner added may be the same in both cases.

In making a clear wrinkle varnish there is added to the above varnish Aabout 2 to 5 per cent of a liquid drier. A drier composition which hasbeen found to be very satisfactory for this purpose is as follows:

Liquid drier A Cobalt linoleate solid pounds 12-16 China-wood oil fattyacids -do 8-10 Toluol, xylol, petroleum naphtha or. coal tar solventgallons 6-8 .Other examples of liquid driers which may be utilized areas follows:

Liquid drier "3 Lead linoleate -pounds 5-10 Cobalt acetate do 2-6Linseed oil fatty acids .'.do- 2-5 China-wood oil fatty acids do 4-6Toluol, xylol, petroleum naphtha or coal tar solvent galions 6-8 Liquiddrier "0 Lead linoleate pounds 4-8 Manganese borate do.. 2-5 Cobaltacetate do 1-3 Drying oil fatty acids (China-wood oil, linseed, etc.) do5-8 Toluol, xylol, petroleum naphtha or coal tar solvent gallons- 6-9For producing a wrinkle finish composition of the desired texturalwrinkle pattern varnish A may be made having relativel low or highviscosity as determined by the Gardner-Holdt standards for varnish. Ingeneral the higher the viscosity of the varnish A" the coarser thetexture of the wrinkle finish.

Where a finer textural pattern of a wrinkle finish is desired than canbe obtained by the use of a low viscosity varnish, a varnish-likesolution of drying oil fatty acids may be incorporated in varnish A. Thefollowing examples are typical:

Varnish 13" China-wood oil fatty acids pounds 8-10 Toluol or xylolgallons 1 Varnish "C Linseed oil fatty acids pounds 2-5 China-wood oilfatty acids do 3-8 Toluol or xylol gallons 1 By adding variousproportions of varnish B or varnish C to a low viscosity wrinkl varnishbase mad according to varnish A," the texture or pattern of the wrinkleproduced on drying is modified. The higher the proportion of varnish Bor C added to varnish A, the finer the texture of the wrinkle finishproduced.

To make a pigmented wrinkling enamel I may grind pigment into varnish Awhich varnish may be of either high or low viscosity depending upon thetexture of the wrinkle finish. Owing, however, to the volatility of thesolvent used in preparing varnish A it is preferable to make a specialgrinding varnish for this purpose. A typical example is as follows:

Varnish D Modified phenol aldehyde resin Amberol or Beckacite") poundsLead acetate orlinoleate do 5-9 Raw China-wood oil gallons 15-20 Bodiedlinseed oil do 2-5 Toluol or xylol -do 8-12 High-boiling petroleumnaphtha ..do 35-50 Varnish D is made in a like manner as varnish A" butin this instance I continue the heat treatment to obtain a heavyviscosity material. This varnish is then mixed with the conventional-paint pigments to make a paste of desired color and thereafter it ispassed through a paint mill to thoroughly disperse the pigment in thevarnish vehicle. As an example of a pigmented paste a white pasteformula is as follows:

White paste 1 Titanium oxide pounds 8-10 Varnish "D Q'R'llnn 1 A whitewrinkling enamel made with the above paste would have the followingformula:

White wrinkling enamel Paste 1 pounds- 2-3 Clear wrinkle varnish Agallons 1 If varnish A" is of high viscosity the texture will be coarserthan that obtained by using a varnish of low viscosity as heretoforeexplained. To obtain finer textural wrinkle finish patterns in the caseof enamels, I add an inert paste hav-- ing a typical formula such as:

Inert paste 2 Asbestine ..pounds- 8-10 Varnish "D" Qallnnq 1 amount ofinert paste which can be incorporated before the film becomes perfectlysmooth on drying. The amount depends on the particular inert pigmentused in making the paste. When a sufilcient amount of paste has beenincorporated in the enamel additions of the drying oil fatty acids ofvarnish B or C are made to vary the textural pattern of the wrinklefinish. In this way a wrinkle finish having a textural pattern so fineas to be practically invisible to the naked eye can be produced.

In producing the improved wrinkle finish of this invention articlescoated with the coating composition may be made to wrinkle by baking thecoating at relatively low or high tempera-,

may be used. Ordinarily baking the finish at.

elevatedtemperatures accentuates the wrinkling and provides a harderfinish. Where a highly elastic film is desired, the addition of smallamounts of non-drying or semi-drying oils, such as castor oil, raw soyabean oil or similar materials may be made. Plasticizers such asdlbutylphthalate or dicresyl phosphate also may be uti- V lized.

It will be understood that I desire to compre hend within my inventionsuch modifications as come within the scope of the claims and the in-'vention.

Having thus fully. described my invention, what I claim as new anddesire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. A composition of matter adapted for use as:

a pigmented wrinkling enamel composition, comprising resin, metallicdrier, raw China-wood oil, boiled linseed oil and solvent thinner, saidvarnish composition having incorporated therewith 2 to 5 per cent offree vegetable drying oil fatty acids dissolved in solvent and having apigmented paste including a color pigment and asbestine incorporated inthe mixture to provide a wrinkle finish enamel which when applied as acoating film and dried produces a wrinkled textural pattern so fine asto be practically invisiblev to the naked eye.

2. In an improved method of making a composition of matter, the steps ofmixing one-fourth to three-fourths of resin with the total amount ofChina-wood oil, heating the mixture at a temperature of 450 to 550 F.,adding thereafter-a metallic drier, boiled linseed 'oil and theremainder of the resin, dissolving the resin in the mixture, cooling themixture quickly after the second portion of the resin has been added,thereafter adding thinner to produce a wrinkling varnish ofthe desiredconsistency, incorporating therewith 2 to 5 percent of tree vegetabledrying oil fatty acids dissolved in solvent, and then adding a pigmentedpaste including a colorplgment and asbestine to provide an enamel ,whichdried to a v fine textural wrinkle finish.

, WILLIAM A. WALDIE.

